Insights

Institutional Investor Indicators: May 2025

Institutional Investor Indicators May 2025

The State Street Risk Appetite Index rose to 0.36 by May-end, as investors moved back toward risk-taking in the latter part of the month following deferral on the implementation of trade tariffs.

June 2025

Our monthly video series offers an updated analysis of our institutional investor indicators.

  • Our Institutional Investor Holdings Indicator shows the aggregate holdings of institutional investors across three asset classes: stocks, bonds and cash. This simple information can tell us a lot about how investors view the economy and markets.
  • Our Institutional Investor Risk Appetite Indicator is based on flows — buying and selling activity — rather than portfolio positions. It reveals whether investors, in aggregate, are buying risk or selling it. While the Holdings Indicator tells us about the current location, the Risk Appetite Indicator tells us about the direction of travel.
Institutional investor indicators chart may

The State Street Risk Appetite Index rose to 0.36 by May-end, as investors moved back toward risk-taking in the latter part of the month following deferral on the implementation of trade tariffs. The State Street Holdings indicators show that long-term investor allocations to equities rose anew in May to levels last seen on the cusp of the Liberation Day announcement in early April. During May, exposure to equities rose by 0.9 percent relative to a 0.8 percent fall in bond holdings.

View May 2025 commentary by Dwyfor Evans, head of APAC Macro Strategy for Markets.

Hello everyone, and welcome to this month’s update to our read of investor positioning and sentiment for the month ended May 31st.

I’m Dwyfor Evans, head of Macro Strategy for Asia-Pacific and I have the pleasure of walking you through the message given by the changes in our indicators of institutional investor flow and positioning during the month of May.

Policy oscillations around trade – the dominant macro narrative – continue apace after the Liberation Day announcement in April, but a perceived normalization of tariff uncertainty and implementation delay has emboldened investors once more towards a more constructive sentiment on asset class exposure.

Risk sentiment, as illustrated by the multi-asset Behavioural Risk Scorecard, recorded its highest level since early February at the end of May. This in part reflects the on-going narrative around Trade tariffs, but specifically implementation delays and the 90-day deadlines, allied to lower effective tariff rates than initially envisaged. The upshot is that the Behavioural Risk Scorecard has risen to a score of +8 as investors dipped their toes back into risk assets.

But let’s take a closer look at some aspects of behaviour to see what institutions have done across and within asset classes. At the highest level of positioning, looking across weights to stock, bonds and cash, the past month saw a 0.9% increase in favour of equities relative to a 0.8% fall in bond holdings. By end-May, this took aggregate portfolio weights in equities back to levels last seen in the first week of April, that is around the Liberation Day announcement and represents a complete reversal of asset class preferences in the intervening period.

This focus on equities is notable in the context of regional preferences. As illustrated in slide 4, institutional investors have been overweight US equities for some time, but adjusted lower their holdings earlier in the year. In contrast, we saw investors reduce their underweight in Europe and begin to build an overweight. May has seen a reversal of these trends – US equities are back in vogue, while exuberance on European equities has receded once more. The overweight in US equities remains firmly in place, if lower than at the start of the year. This sell America trade has certainly been challenged as far as equities are concerned.

Currency flows are perhaps one of the areas we can most clearly see a move away from the US. Selling of the US dollar continues and, for the first time in more than three years institutions are running a net dollar underweight. As we noted last month, this was a trend that began with domestics investors hedging less of their foreign asset exposure back to dollars. Foreign holdings of dollars thus represent a potentially significant source of USD selling to come if they decide to hedge away the FX risk embedded into the holdings of US assets. A change over the course of the month is how investors treated safe havens: initial buying in the EUR, JPY and Swiss Franc reversed course once sentiment improved. With that, we saw traditional safe haven selling and buying across both commodity and EM currencies. In the former, flows in the Canadian dollar recovered strongly, while in EM, there was renewed buying of emerging Asia, ostensibly on the view that trade deals with the US would be partly cushioned by stronger local currencies.

To close, the message this month is one a return to risk.

Flows into cyclically sensitive equities remain healthy relative to more defensive counterparts, higher yielding sovereign and corporate bonds are finding favour, as are higher yielding and Emerging market currencies. And the dollar, as I mentioned is still a risk-positive outflow. This offsets some of the negativity that we see continue to see in the fixed income space.

All told, investor optimism and I wish you good luck in the coming weeks.

The month of May saw risk sentiment by institutional investors rebound to its highest level since early February. While the narrative around trade tariffs remains ubiquitous, implementation delays allied to lower effective tariff rates than initially envisaged helped lift sentiment toward risk as did the (still) largely benign environment for inflation that undermines fears around stagflation. A centerpiece of stronger risk sentiment is a 0.9 percent monthly increase in equity exposure relative to a 0.8 percent fall in bond holdings. By end of May, aggregate portfolio weights in equities back to levels last seen in the first week of April and represents a complete reversal of asset class preferences in the intervening period with cash holdings remaining effectively unchanged over the course of the month.

United States dollar flows continued to deteriorate in May and persistent selling drove positioning to multi-year lows as investors built a significant underweight. Underlying asset flows, particularly equities, have seen renewed buying, but fears over inflation expectations, fiscal policy concerns and the sovereign downgrade continue to undermine investor interest in US Treasuries where selling continued apace across most tenors. Coincident to USD selling, demand for the Canadian dollar strengthened during May as investors favored commodity currencies among developed markets. By the month's end, investor positioning in the CAD was on the cusp of the top quartile. Much of the interest in European markets softened throughout May as markets elsewhere gained favor from continued outflows from the USD and US Treasuries. This marks a strong beginning of the month, with the euro treated as a safe haven and the recipient of strong flows, but declined as risk appetite took hold. Underlying asset flows continued to weaken – the preference for Eurozone equities faded as investors reversed course to the US once more. In Asia Pacific, Taiwanese dollar strengthening in early May part reflects a policy toward regional currency appreciation to offset tariff threats. This prompted a stronger return of investor capital to the region, particularly in regional equities and currencies.

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